Abstract
In the region of Earth most sensitive to climate change, spring snow melt serves as a measurable indicator of climate change and plays a strong role in the feedbacks that amplify Arctic warming. We characterize the melt season and attribute melt onset in a region of northern Canada during the spring snow melt season from 2003 to 2011. Melt onset dates are obtained from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System retrievals. Energy balance and meteorological fields are obtained from NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications product. Analysis of three distinct sub-regions demonstrates that typical values of energy balance terms vary across the region and have different roles in melt attribution. Melt is controlled more by advective energy farther southwest where melt onset begins sooner, compared to higher levels of radiative energy over the tundra. This study demonstrates that a relatively small region can exhibit large differences in controls on spring snow melt both within the region and inter-annually, and these differences can be understood in the context of factors ranging from the large-scale synoptic pattern to land cover and the local energy balance. Being able to attribute melt onset to those drivers that are changing as the high latitudes warm as opposed to those that do not (i.e. insolation) allows better long-term prediction of melt season dynamics and the climatological processes influenced by snow cover and its feedbacks.
Our new paper about snowmelt in Northeast Canada is accepted for publication in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. Find the paper here: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013JD021024/abstract.